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Who runs the world? Girls! In these matriarchal societies, these aren’t just women-empowering lyrics in a Beyoncé song but a fact of life. Matriarchal societies are those in which women hold positions of power and authority and are the primary decision-makers in both their families and community. While patriarchies have been the norm in most societies throughout history, the following five countries are home to matriarchal societies that show what the world would look like if it were indeed run by women.

1. India’s Khasi Tribe

The state of Meghalaya in northeastern India is home to the Khasi tribe, which is known for its matriarchal society. In the Khasi culture, property and wealth are inherited through the female line, and women have a strong say in household and community decisions. Women are also free to choose their own partners, and divorce is not stigmatized.

2. China’s Mosuo People

The Mosuo people in southwestern China are often referred to as the “last matrilineal society in China.” In this matriarchal society, any property is passed down through the female line, and women are the primary decision-makers in the family. Children are raised by their mothers and maternal uncles, and there is no concept of marriage as we know it. Instead, men and women have relationships known as “walking marriages,” in which they are free to choose their partners and can end the relationship at any time.

3. Indonesia’s Minangkabau People

The Minangkabau people of West Sumatra, Indonesia, have a matriarchal society in which property and wealth are inherited through the female line. Women hold a high status in Minangkabau culture and are often the ones who make decisions regarding family and community affairs. However, men still hold important positions in the government and religious institutions.

Unearth Women for more

by JAWED NAQVI

It was a placard that as students we would draw cartoons on or write slogans with marker pens or thick brushes for college protests. To deter Donald Trump’s vile description of Iranians as an evil lot, the chador-clad Iranian woman chose a verse from the great Persian poet Firdausi for her placard. The 10th-century master poet is credited with reviving Persian literature. His fabled Shahnameh chronicled the legends of Persian kings with motifs and characters that were essentially pre-Islamic. The stories of Rustam and Sohrab, for example, popularised by Firdausi, relate to the early Zoroastrian period of Iran. Colonial upstarts would later drool at the awe-inspiring heritage he spawned. It was reflected in the British pretence at majesty as they attempted to mask an instinct for savage plunder.

After uprooting the Persian-Prakrit-Sanskrit culture nurtured by Muslim rulers in India, chiefly the Mughals, the British viceroy installed a Persian painting on the ceiling of the ballroom of the vice-regal palace, today’s Presidential Palace. The painting still hangs there, mocking Hindutva’s boorish hatred of Iran’s legacy of refinement in India. The painting of a Qajar-era ruler on a tiger hunt was created by an Italian artist as faux inspiration from the legends depicted in Firdausi’s magnum opus, compiled between 977 AD and 1010 AD.

The verse the woman wrote with a blue brush on a placard for the huge Nowruz march through Tehran to mark the Persian new year intrigued an American journalist watching the war. Ergo: there are foreign journalists invited by the reviled Iranian ‘regime’ to chronicle an unprovoked assault on their nation; the opposite seems true of the falsely adulated ‘democracies’ of the US and Israel where opacity and news blackouts have become a legitimate requirement in a self-harming and costly military expedition.

Donald Trump the tycoon doesn’t want the markets to shudder at his foolhardy plans to destroy Iran and thereby the Persian Gulf. Benjamin Netanyahu desperately needs to cover up the untold damage inflicted on precisely chosen targets straddling Israeli cities. One missile cautioned him that Iran could destroy the Dimona nuclear plant at will, with horrific consequences to the world, if its Bushehr nuclear power station was damaged. This is the terrifying prospect Trump and Netanyahu have jointly given birth to in an ultra-volatile region.

In modern Persian culture, Gordafarid is a feminist icon and a symbol of Iranian resistance and ingenuity.

The image of the Iranian woman’s placard was snapped from a news clip, and as such it was angled, blurred and incomplete. It was her explanation of the verse to the American interlocutor that helped me track it down to the Shahnameh. I checked out the verse with an encyclopaedic Persian scholar. The illustrious Sharif Husain Qasemi is Delhi’s only expert on Bedil, the 18th-century Persian poet notorious for being so difficult that he was considered a challenge even by the great Ghalib, himself notorious for his difficult Persian poetry. He found the verse and explained its context: “Agar sar be sar tan be koshtan daham/ Azaan beh ke kishvar be dushman Daham” (“If I give my body — from head to toe — to be killed/ That is better than giving the country to the enemy.”)

The verse is one of the most famous examples of heroic ethos (javanmardi) in Persian literature. It is spoken by a woman warrior, the legendary hero Gordafarid. The sentiment is echoed throughout the Shahnameh also by figures like Rustam or other heroes facing insurmountable odds.

Dawn or more

by IMRAN MULLA

Since the start of the Iran war, in India and Pakistan there has been a renewed interest in Iran’s cultural ties with South Asia

In March 1986 Sayyid Ali Khamenei, who would three years later become Iran’s supreme leader, gave a speech at a major conference in Tehran on the Indian poet-philosopher Muhammad Iqbal.

Iqbal lived in British India and engaged in the politics of that land. He died in 1938 and never visited Iran.

But Khamenei told his audience that Iqbal was a “luminous spark that washed out the darkness of the days of suffocation and repression from our hearts (through his impressions, poetry, counsel and teachings) and projected a bright picture of the future before our eyes”.

Describing himself as someone “who for years had been a follower of Iqbal and has lived emotionally in his company”, Khamenei insisted the poet “belongs to this nation”. 

“Iqbal, whose heart ached to see the Muslim people having lost their human and Islamic personality,” he said, should he have lived to visit Iran after the Islamic Revolution, “could have seen a nation standing on its feet, infused with the rich Islamic spirit.”

The supreme leader, killed earlier this month in the US-Israeli attack on Iran, was able to engage so deeply with Iqbal’s work because much of his oeuvre was in Persian.

This was the case even though Iqbal is remembered in South Asia almost entirely for his Urdu poetry.

Since the start of the current Iran war, in India and Pakistan there has been a renewed interest in Iran’s deep cultural ties with the subcontinent.

Enormous protests have erupted across Pakistan against the US-Israeli war, and not just by Shia Muslims who revered Khamenei as their religious leader. 

The Pakistani government was swift to criticise the killing of Khamenei, while India – a longtime ally of Iran – has failed to do so.

Perhaps in response to this, and to the Indian government’s strong ties with Israel, in the past week a flurry of articles have emerged in the Indian national media highlighting the country’s deep shared heritage with Iran.

A shared history

This shared heritage has been largely forgotten in the subcontinent. Most people can’t speak Persian and schools tend not to teach the language, a legacy of reforms during British rule that promoted English as the subcontinent’s lingua franca.

In Pakistan in the 1980s, the government of General Zia-ul-Haq embarked on a drive to replace Persian vocabulary in Urdu, a language formed from a fusion of Persian and Hindustani, with some Arabic words – hence “Allah Hafiz” as the term for goodbye becoming more common than the Persian “Khuda Hafiz”. 

More recently in India, the Hindu nationalist government of Narendra Modi has sought to de-emphasise and in many cases erase the Muslim aspects of India’s heritage. 

Middle East Eye for more

by SOROOR AHMED

In the 18th, 19th and 20th centuries, the blacks not only fought wars for their masters, but literally built the USA with their sheer hard labour.

The hypocrisy of the diminishing race of white supremacists in the United States and Europe knows no bounds. When a handful of Latinos, African-Americans and Asians, even with proper documents, would come to settle in their town or locality, they would kick up a storm stating that their language, culture and livelihood are under threat.

Here, they would forget that it was their forefathers who had herded like cattle the menial workers from far off dark continent and brought them here while they were engaged in making a big fortune in this new world. In doing so, the past generations did not think of losing their racial purity.

At the same time, these champions of apartheid would also overlook the fact that their ancestors left their homes in Europe in pursuit of colonising Africa and Asia. After occupying them, they (s)exploited the original population and indulged in killing, looting and pillaging the natural wealth, which in later centuries, helped them become rich and powerful.

Take the example of the sub-continent, where the Englishmen (even some French and Portuguese), after settling here, married the local women and left behind lakhs of Anglo-Indians. Even in America, a small number of them marry or have relationships with people of different colours. If blacks and browns are outcasts, why did the whites come all the way to grab their resources and, in some cases, even mix with them?

And there is no dearth of missionaries who have settled in the deep interiors of Africa and Asia to preach Christianity. Many among them are engaged in philanthropic works like running hospitals and schools.

Misplaced phobia

The anti-migrant narrative sweeping the West is based on very flimsy ground. Neither are the outsiders taking the jobs of Americans or Europeans in their respective countries, nor are they polluting their Judeo-Christian civilization, which they are so proud of. The Epstein files have further exposed the moral and mental bankruptcy of the West. Jeffrey Epstein was a Zionist Jew, thus obviously a member of the tribe called the “Chosen People of God,” yet he and his band were engaged in such devilish acts.

Siasat for more

by JINOY JOSE P.

Dear Reader,

Pure coincidence, perhaps, that in the same week two conversations in this magazine circled the word “criminal”. In one, the public intellectual and activist G.N. Devy warned that India’s forthcoming caste census risks repeating an old injustice by failing to properly enumerate denotified and nomadic tribes—communities branded as hereditary offenders under colonial rule and never fully released from that suspicion. In another, filmmaker and theatre director Dakxin Chhara described what it means to grow up inside a community officially “denotified” yet socially unpardoned, where the label outlives the law that produced it. Their testimonies suggest something that criminology textbooks rarely acknowledge directly: the history of crime is really the history of who had the power to define harm. And more often than not, the law has been less a neutral referee and more a property manager.

Consider the Criminal Tribes Act of 1871, enacted by the British Raj in India after the 1857 rebellion. The Act branded entire communities—an estimated 13 million people across 127 groups by Independence—as “habitually criminal”, addicted to the “systematic commission of non-bailable offences”. No individual act was required for conviction; membership in a designated caste or tribe was sufficient. Surveillance, forced settlement, routine reporting to police stations, restrictions on movement: these measures were justified in the language of public safety. Yet their underlying function was administrative control over mobile populations who did not fit neatly into the colonial economy of land revenue and fixed property. As historian Meena Radhakrishna has documented, many of these “criminal tribes” were simply nomadic communities whose wandering lives made colonial administrators anxious, or groups whose labour was needed for plantations and public works. The law defined mobility as menace. Their “criminality” was invented to solve a logistics problem.

The Act was repealed in 1949, but its logic stays. The Habitual Offenders Act of 1952 effectively re-listed the same communities under a different name. In 2007, the UN Committee on the Elimination of Racial Discrimination noted with concern that these “so-called denotified and nomadic tribes” continue to be stigmatised. Today, approximately 60 million people in India live under the shadow of this colonial label. Many remain excluded from Scheduled Caste or Scheduled Tribe status, denied the reservations that might lift them from poverty. The label may have been withdrawn; the stigma was not. In that sense, the census debate is not merely bureaucratic. It is philosophical. It asks whether the state can count people without categorising them into inherited guilt.

The Hindu for more

by MARGARET KIMBERLEY

The state of Israel is reviled by most people in the world as a genocidal, war criminal nation. Money, influence peddling, and brute force ensure that international condemnation is not allowed to thwart zionist and imperialist objectives. 

“I have many jobs as [Senate] leader… and one is to fight for aid to Israel — all the aid that Israel needs,” – Charles Schumer, Democratic Party Leader in the U.S. Senate

Perhaps we should be grateful that Senator Schumer grudgingly acknowledged that he has some responsibilities other than giving public money to Israel. Although it must be said that he and his colleagues display no such level of seriousness about acting on behalf of the people of this country. They are far more interested in carrying water for oligarchs and collaborating with the people they claim to oppose. 

His recent remarks were actually rather tame when one considers the reach of zionist influence around the world, especially in the “collective west” of Europe, Canada, Australia, and the United States. These nations are sometimes willing imperialist partners in crime while also being victimized by zionist pressure campaigns. The determination to ensure that a pariah nation, that is committing genocide, maintains political and financial support, that millions of people don’t want to give, requires that both political manipulation and gangsterish force be applied at the most opportune moments.

Public approval of Israel in the U.S. has dropped significantly, with a majority of those polled, 59%, now holding negative views of that country. These opinions may be of some concern to the American Israel Political Action Committee (AIPAC) and other zionist political groups, but any worries they have are eased by following a simple and devastating playbook. 

Dissenters are punished openly. When members of congress step out of line from the accepted zionist discourse they are suddenly confronted with well funded opponents. That’s what happened to Congressional Black Caucus (CBC) members Cori Bush and Jamaal Bowman in 2024. And AIPAC was not shy about dancing on their political graves. “This year, AIPAC and our 5 million members across the country helped defeat 11 detractors of the U.S.-Israel relationship. Being pro-Israel is good policy and good politics!”

The newly elected progressive mayor of New York City, Zohran Mamdani, may express solidarity with Palestine but he felt compelled to keep the Mayor’s Office to Combat Anti-Semitism that Eric Adams established. He is not alone in feeling the pressure that is applied in New York, Washington, London, and the Land Down Under.

The Donald Trump administration recently bypassed the congressional approval process to provide Israel with $6.5 billion in military aid. Joe Biden’s administration did likewise, empowering the Gaza genocide also by going around congress. The purpose of these winks and nudges is to give cover to members who would vote “yes” if asked, but who do not want to be taken to task for their support of war crimes. None of them really object to U.S. presidents making an end run around them to keep the zionist project afloat and their careers secure. 

The release of the most recent Epstein files provides a glimpse into how this bad sausage gets made year after year. Very wealthy and well connected zionists, like the late Jeffrey Epstein, are Israeli state operatives using everything from sex trafficking to compromise powerful men, to bribing the diplomats who shaped the Oslo Accords. Israel’s concerns are always top of mind for presidents and prime ministers who in turn dutifully follow the directives of their benefactors and their enforcers.

Washington is not alone in facing this onslaught. The Epstein files have also created a political crisis in the United Kingdom. Prime Minister Keir Starmer is facing calls to resign from the leadership of the Labour party and from his office after his chief of staff Morgan McSweeney’s close relationship to Epstein came to light. McSweeney is an Irishman who was long known to be a zionist operative but who also engineered Starmer’s leadership of Labour by working with zionist individuals and groups in the UK to undermine Jeremy Corbyn. 

The Ireland-born McSweeney volunteered on an Israeli kibbutz as a teenager and went on to become a leader in Labour where he spearheaded the campaign to smear Corbyn as an anti-semite and to purge him and the rest of the left out of that party. 

McSweeney’s close connection with Peter Mandelson, a zionist and friend of Epstein, put him at the top of British politics and at the right arm of a prime minister. His connections were an open secret but he was finally done-in when it was revealed that he recommended Starmer’s appointment of Mandelson as ambassador to the U.S. 

Mandelson’s connection with the sex trafficker Epstein was the final straw but McSweeney has always made certain that Israel’s interests were represented at the highest levels of government.

McSweeney and seemingly everyone in British politics owes their position to Trevor Chinn, a wealthy man who once said, “I’ve spent my entire life working for Israel.” Indeed he has by funding both the Labour Friends of Israel and the Conservative Friends of Israel. Zionists are nothing if non-sectarian, making sure that Conservatives and Labour in the UK and Democrats and Republicans in the U.S. know where their fortunes lie. 

Black Agenda Report for more

by SHAHZAD SHARJEEL

Life keeps getting more complex and guilt-ridden by the day. As if the carbon footprint calculation was not enough to turn one into an off-grid hermit, now we have the water footprint to feel guilty about. I hereby declare you ‘guilty’, dear reader, of all the charges I am framing against all of us in this piece.

Ask me how much water I consume in a day, and I will start with the few glasses I drink, then quickly move on to the litres used for washing and bathing. Push a bit more, and I will confess to being an obsessive car washer. Some of us would mention the ‘green patch’ in the house that must be watered year-round. Push harder still, and we will grudgingly divide the 3,000 to 7,000 litres of water needed to produce each pair of denim by the period we own them to arrive at a daily average. Since I am terrible at mental math, I will do all these calculations on my smartphone to determine how much water each listed activity costs. In doing so, data centres globally will consume 0.26 millilitres, about five drops of water, for each search. Mind you, this data on water consumption pertains to regular web searches; AI searches consume more water.

It took a media outlet to take the Oregon city government to court to obtain data on the water used to cool the Google data centre. In 2021, the search giant used about 12.4 billion litres of water in the US alone. In 2023, it used 23bn litres worldwide. WHO guidelines recommend 50 to 100 litres of water per person to meet drinking, cooking, and hygiene needs under normal circumstances. However, in a post-disaster or humanitarian crisis, 15 litres per person is the minimum required to meet basic needs.

To fully grasp how much we are all contributing to water stress, particularly owing to our web wanderlust, let us consider that Google is not the only search engine in the world. Microsoft’s internal projections estimate that, in 2030, the water required to cool its 100 data centres will be 28bn litres. To make things even more complex, the data centres use water both physically and virtually. While the usage in the physical sense, ie, water used to cool the data-processing centres at these facilities, is one measure, virtual usage pertains to the water used by their electricity providers to cool their production plants.

Imagine the water consumed in even a day of web searches.

Before we jump to condemn the tech billionaires for destroying the world’s ecology in their quest for private gain, let’s consider the fact that we are as much part of the problem as we are beneficiaries of these technological developments. It is amusing to watch developing countries lay all the blame for global warming at the doorstep of the developed North. The argument goes something like this: ‘It is the North that burned all the coal and oil in its pursuit of capitalist greed; we, the South, are not even industrialised yet.’ To buy into this simplistic logic, one would have to discount all the benefits of advancements we have derived since the Industrial Revolution. While developing countries may not have released greenhouse gases into the atmosphere, they have benefited from everything that resulted from the North’s ‘greed’, from jet engines to search engines to diagnosis and treatment of all manner of diseases.

The next time you are told to work smarter and put AI to use to complete one inane task or another, think hard if you can put your natural intelligence to use before resorting to AI.

Dawn for more

by NICKY REID

Trump has seriously fucked up in the Middle East this time and even he knows it. In the first two weeks alone of Bibi and Donald’s latest savage bombardment of the Islamic Republic of Iran, neither regime has been able to keep their various stories straight for longer than fifteen seconds.

First, we were supposedly doing this because the Iranian people were just one airstrike away from returning the Shah to power in a popular uprising but after slaughtering half of the nation’s leadership from the Ayatollah down to the dog catcher, the Iranian people seemed more supportive of the fundamentalist hand that barely feeds them than ever before.

So, then the story changes to a strangely familiar narrative about weapons of mass destruction, weapons that Trump himself insisted repeatedly that he had heroically obliterated in the Ten-Day War last year. And that old gem was followed rather swiftly by yet another narrative about some inevitable plot by Iran to take over the Middle East in a week at any given second unless we helped Israel massacre their daughters in daring daylight raids on elementary schools. Now, they mostly just point at the mess they made and say, “Now, you see, with nukes that would be way worse.”

The only thing that seems to change more than Trump’s chickenshit excuses for setting the region on fire is the timeline for when V-day is supposed to come. Two weeks becomes four weeks becomes four months becomes four weeks again after oil prices spike. Believe it or not. all of these rambling narratives actually do tell the same story. The story of a vane and ignorant empire that opened Pandora’s Box by assassinating a nation of 90 million’s god-king and then completely lost control of the expanding global horror show that followed.

Attack the system for more

by NASRATULLAH TABAN

Four years after the Taliban returned to power, Afghanistan is experiencing what many call a “great muting.” This is not just the result of war or economic problems, but a deliberate effort by the Taliban to erase voices. In communication theory, a group is considered “muted” when those in power control the main ways people can express themselves, such as language, law, and media. This leaves marginalized groups unable to share their experiences in a way others can understand.

For Afghan journalists, women, and ethnic minorities, this is not just a theory; it is a daily reality enforced by the Taliban. The streets are quiet, not because there is peace, but because the Taliban has created a culture of silence where speaking out can cost someone their life.

Afghanistan once had one of the most dynamic media landscapes in South and Central Asia. Hundreds of television channels, radio stations, newspapers, and online platforms reported on politics, corruption, and social issues. Journalists risked their lives to hold the powerful to account. Today, fewer than 50 independent media outlets operate nationwide, down from over 400 in 2021. Human Rights Watch reports that dozens of journalists have been threatened, arbitrarily detained, or beaten in the past year alone. Female reporters, once prominent voices in newsrooms and on air, have largely been forced out. Many journalists report living in constant fear, aware that every article could provoke retaliation. In this climate, truth itself has become dangerous.

Targeting Women and Hazara

Women and girls have suffered the most dramatic and visible losses under Taliban rule. UNESCO estimates that more than 22 million girls are barred from secondary school and university, reversing decades of educational progress. Many will never see the classroom again. Women are prevented from working in most sectors, must travel with male guardians, and are constantly monitored by morality police. Public spaces, workplaces, and recreational areas have effectively been closed to them.

Observers describe watching an entire generation of girls vanish before their eyes. The consequences extend far beyond classrooms. Hospitals operate without female staff, businesses lose vital contributors, and families struggle to survive. In Afghanistan today, half the population is effectively silenced, unable to participate in shaping the society around them.

EurAsia Review for more

by HAN FEIZI

With Hormuz closed, Gulf states under attack, every importing country will do what’s needed to remove oil from its energy stack

So, baby, can’t you see

I’ve got to break free

I’ve got to break free

I want to break free, yeah

– Queen

The world cannot possibly absorb more exports from China, screamed the pundits.

After the US and Israel ignited the Middle East powder keg? Oh yes it can! And oh yes it will!

Now more than ever, the world – especially the Global South – will buy everything China has to sell.

China set off alarm bells after its 2025 trade surplus grew 20% year-on-year to $1.2 trillion, in defiance of Trump tariffs. China’s 2025 exports increased 5.4% while its already low imports fell marginally. The 20% collapse in exports to the US was more than offset by growth everywhere else – particularly Global South countries with exports to ASEAN and Africa surging 13% and 26%, respectively.

Concerns were compounded by January and February 2026 data showing that China’s exports increased 22% in dollar terms (19% in Rmb terms). Exports to the EU, ASEAN and Africa rocketed 25%, 27% and 47%, respectively.

Asia Times for more