Judith Basutama/IRIN
By Fred Oluoch
Nairobi — The refugee situation in East Africa has reached alarming levels and the United Nations is urging members countries to adopt the Tanzanian formula of integration.
Even though there is no armed conflict in East Africa at the moment, there are about 880,000 refugees and internally displaced people (IDPs) in Kenya, Uganda, Tanzania, Rwanda and Burundi.
This is because of civil war in Burundi prior to the peace talks, strife in Somalia and eastern Democratic Republic of Congo, war between Ethiopia and Eritrea and the post election violence in Kenya.
The latest report by the United Nations High Commission for Refugees (UNHCR) says people fleeing their home countries cite poor human rights record, discrimination on account of ethnicity, persecution for political beliefs, lack of sound democratic ideals, poor governance and intolerance to dissent.
Recently, Tanzania gave citizenship to 3,568 of 160,000 Burundi refugees who have lived in the country for over three decades.
Other EAC member states are being asked to emulate this example and absorb refugees who are not willing to return to their countries of origin, but who have useful skills.
Kenya’s hands could be tied by its immigration laws, even though top government officials say they are considering granting citizenship to refugees born in the country and those who have lived there for more than 20 years.
Immigration Minister Otieno Kajwang’ recently told The EastAfrican that it is up to parliament to change the laws governing refugees.
He said the main problem is that some of the countries the refugees fled are still in active combat.
Tanzania and Rwanda are the only countries without IDPs.
According to George Kuchio, senior protection officer of UNHCR Uganda, EAC member states, in the spirit of the regional integration, should expedite their protocols on freedom of movement, not just for goods and services.